Friday, August 17, 2007

hey


So you're asking, what is CHEMISTRY? well, my mom says (that she learned from her school) is that... Chemistry is a branch of science that deals with the study of MATTER....

Don't ask me why that matters. It just does. A lot. Everything on Earth, everything in our solar system, everything in our galaxy, and everything in the universe is made up of matter. Matter is the name that scientists have given to everything that you can touch, or see, or feel, or smell. Go take a look!

Matter is the Stuff Around You

Mixtures on Earth Matter is everything around you. Matter is anything made of Atoms and molecules. Matter is anything that has a mass. Matter is also related to light and electromagnetic radiation. Even though matter can be found all over the universe, you usually find it in just a few forms. As of 1995, scientists have identified five states of matter. They may discover one more by the time you get old.

You should know about solids, liquids, gases, plasmas, and a new one called Bose-Einstein condensates. The first four have been around a long time. The scientists who worked with the Bose-Einstein condensate received a Nobel Prize for their work in 1995. But what makes a state of matter? It's about the physical state of molecules and atoms.

Changing States of Matter

Matter
Sun has more matter than all planets Elements and compounds can move from one physical state to another and not change. Oxygen (O2) as a gas still has the same properties as liquid oxygen. The liquid state is colder and denser but the molecules are still the same. Water is another example. The compound water is made up of two hydrogen (H) atoms and one oxygen (O) atom. It has the same molecular structure whether it is a gas, liquid, or solid. Although its physical state may change, its chemical state remains the same.

So you ask, "What is a chemical state?" If the formula of water were to change, that would be a chemical change. If you added another oxygen atom, you would make hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Its molecules would not be water anymore. Changing states of matter is about changing densities, pressures, temperatures, and other physical properties. The basic chemical structure does not change.


STATES OF MATTER
There are five main states of matter. Solids, liquids, gases, plasmas, and Bose-Einstein condensates are all different states of matter. Each of these states is also known as a phase. Elements and compounds can move from one phase to another phase when special physical forces are present. One example of those forces is temperature. The phase or state of matter can change when the temperature changes. Generally, as the temperature rises, matter moves to a more active state.


Phase describes a physical state of matter. The key word to notice is physical. Things only move from one phase to another by physical means. If energy is added (like increasing the temperature or increasing pressure) or if energy is taken away (like freezing something or decreasing pressure) you have created a physical change.


One compound or element

can move from phase to phase, but still be the same substance. You can see water vapor over a boiling pot of water. That vapor (or gas) can condense and become a drop of water. If you put that drop in the freezer, it would become a solid. No matter what phase it was in, it was always water. It always had the same chemical properties. On the other hand, a chemical change would change the way the water acted, eventually making it not water, but something completely new.


SOLID BASICS

Solid Basics

Comparing States of Matter


So what is a solid? Solids are usually hard because their molecules have been packed together. The closer your molecules are, the harder you are. Solids also can hold their own shape. A rock will always look like a rock unless something happens to it. The same goes for a diamond. Even when you grind up a solid into a powder, you will see little tiny pieces of that solid under a microscope. Liquids will move and fill up any container. Solids like their shape.
Solid Basics In the same way that a solid holds its shape, the atoms inside of a solid are not allowed to move around too much. This is one of the physical characteristics of solids. Atoms and molecules in liquids and gases are bouncing and floating around, free to move where they want. The molecules in a solid are stuck. The atoms still spin and the electrons fly around, but the entire atom will not change position.
Solids can be made up of many things. They can have pure elements or a variety of compounds inside. When you get more than one type of compound in a solid it is called a mixture. Most rocks are mixtures of many different compounds. Concrete is a good example of a manmade mixture.

CRYSTALS

Crystal
Crystals hold geometric shapes On the other end of the spectrum from a mixture is something called a crystal. When a solid is made up of a pure substance and forms slowly, it can become a crystal. Not all pure substances form crystals because it is a delicate process. The atoms are arranged in a regular repeating pattern called a cystal lattice. A crystal lattice is a very exact organization of atoms. A good example is carbon. A diamond is a perfect crystal lattice while the graphite arrangement is more random.
to be continued........

3 comments:

princesssita said...

What a Geek!

yannrabenberg said...

The double zero wheel is present in the us, Canada, South America, and the Caribbean, while the one zero wheel is predominant elsewhere. Wild Casino – This is an internet on line casino that caters to 배당 토토 USA players by providing a safe gaming experience with responsive customer support. The high notch software program consists of an astounding 9 versions of roulette including classics such as American Roulette, and European Roulette, properly as|in addition to} specialty games such as Roulette Tournament.

palmiraeager said...

Despite these firm restrictions, they don't apply to tourists and ex-pats. In October 2000, when Kangwon Land first opened to Korean citizens nicely as|in addition to} to international tourists, it had one hotel with 199 rooms and a casino that had solely 30 table games and 480 slot machines. B2B reside games provider TVBET has partnered with Monotech, a multi-channel iGaming platform for online, cellular, and 클레오카지노 land-based products, in a deal that can see TVBET games integrated into the Monotech platform. It’s an unusual thing to see in the coronary heart of the Olympics, largely because of|as a result of} few discover themselves} on the Games in any capacity have much time to gamble. But at other occasions of yr, the Alpensia resort is an element ski lodge, half water park with several of} motels and eating places catering to international tourists. So possibly having a casino tucked behind a door adjoining the foyer of a Holiday Inn makes sense.